8086 Microprocessor Architecture || 8086 block diagram || Instruction Cycle [ Animated ]

This explains the 8086 microprocessor architecture ( x86 architecture ) using simple animations with a clear 8086 block diagram. You can see how instruction flow-through 8086 architecture, so can get a general idea about pipelining in computer architecture. The 8086 microprocessor architecture is the first microprocessor architecture all students have to learn.

8086 microprocessor architecture mainly divide into two parts. BIU (Bus Interface Unit) and EU (Execution Unit). BIU calculates physical address by using segment address and offset address. Then fetch data from memory and store at the pre-fetch queue. The pre-fetch queue can hold six-byte data, why it is six bytes? The reason is 8086 instruction’s maximum size is 6 byte then the queue can hold any instruction. BIU fetch data from memory when the pre-fetch queue has two-byte of space. Why 2 byte? Because the 8086 microprocessors architecture has a 16bit data bus. In the 8086 architecture control unit at the EU. The Control unit gets data from the prefetch queue and executes.


8086 microprocessor architecture has 16bit, 4 general-purpose registers. AX, BX, CX, DX, and those can be a divide in to AH, AL, BH, BL, CH, CL, DH, DL.
A pipeline is a method that can fetch data from memory while executing an instruction. Without a pipeline, the system can do one thing at a time. That means to fetch, decode, and execute then fetch the next instruction decode and execute.
Hope you can get a general idea about 8086 microprocessor architecture and 8086 instruction cycle and how data flow through 8086 architecture. And also you can get an idea about how pipeline work. How to fetch data while executing instructions.

The source code,
MOV BL, 06H
MOV CL, 05H
ADD BL, CL

Here is the source code. And note that there are no flag register changes represented in animation. Finally, you can have a quick recap about the 8086 microprocessor architecture and the instruction cycle of the 8086 microprocessor architecture.
8086 microprocessor has another name that is iAPX 86. S, 8086 architecture has another name that is x86 architecture. 8086 is a 16bit microprocessor that means it has a 16bit data bus, so 8086 can have 1MB memory. 8086 microprocessor is a 40 pin microprocessor.